Book Description

This guide provides the development sector with a unified accessible source of independent and practical advice and information regarding archaeology, drawing on the array of existing guidance. It is illustrated by a series of case studies showing good practice, and a few cautionary examples of less well-planned events that have led to difficulties both for developers and the archaeological heritage.

This good practice guidance has been written for clients, designers and investors, and for all members of the professional teams, including archaeologists, involved with development and construction dealing with sites of known or potential archaeological interest.

143 pages

Contents: Contents, Summary, Acknowledgements, 1 Introduction, 1.1 Why is archaeology important to the development sector, 1.2 Scope of the guidance, 1.3 Aims and objectives, 1.4 Target readership for the guide, 1.5 Background, 1.6 Definitions, 1.7 Structure of this guidance, 2 Archaeology in the UK: a summary, 2.1 Where archaeological remains are found, 2.2 Types of archaeological remains, 2.3 Archaeological techniques and mitigation options, 2.3.1 Non-intrusive, 2.3.2 Intrusive, 2.3.3 Mitigation options: preservation in situ, replacement by record or both, 2.4 Who does what in the historic environment sector, 2.4.1 Specialist advice and services for developers, 2.4.2 National government bodies and their advisors, 2.4.3 Regional government, 2.4.4 Local government, 2.4.5 The voluntary sector, 2.5 Archaeology legislation and planning policy, 2.5.1 The international context, 2.5.2 UK designation of archaeological sites and their legal protection, 2.5.3 Burials and human remains, 2.5.4 Treasure and the ownership of archaeological objects, 2.5.5 Planning policy and controls relating to archaeology, 2.5.6 Outside the normal planning process, 2.5.7 Excavation licensing in Northern Ireland, 3 Archaeological risk, 3.1 Principles, 3.2 Archaeology as a development cost, 3.3 Keys to successful archaeological risk management, 3.3.1 Procuring specialist advice and services, 3.3.2 An integrated design team, 3.3.3 Effective communication across the design team and with the relevant authorities, 3.3.4 Appropriate management information, 3.3.5 Programming, 3.3.6 Insurance, 4 Archaeology in the development process, 4.1 Feasibility, due diligence and pre-planning stage, 4.1.1 When? As part of an initial feasibility study, 4.1.2 How? Scoping potential archaeological risk, 4.1.3 What is the deliverable? An initial site appraisal, 4.1.4 Why? Advantages to the developer:, 4.2 Planning application stage, 4.2.1 When? The statutory body or local planning authority will normally indicate their requirement, following preliminary consultation by the developer, 4.2.2 How? Establish planning requirements and refine potential archaeological risks, 4.2.3 What are the deliverables? (i) the desk-based assessment report, or relevant chapter in an Environmental Statement, 4.2.4 What are the deliverables? (ii) monitoring geotechnical works, 4.2.5 What are the deliverables? (iii) pre-determination archaeological field evaluation, 4.2.6 Why? Advantages to the developer, 4.3 Planning permission and controls, 4.3.1 Archaeological planning conditions, 4.3.2 Section 106 Agreements, 4.3.3 Environmental Impact Assessment requirements, 4.4 Detailed design stage, 4.4.1 Archaeological design for development, 4.4.2 Development factors that affect archaeological design, 4.4.3 Achieving good design, 4.4.4 Preservation in situ, 4.4.5 Preservation for display, 4.4.6 Master planning, 4.4.7 Design teams, 4.4.8 Construction teams, 4.4.9 Statutory Regulator, 4.5 Demolition and enabling works stage, 4.6 Construction – main works stage, 4.6.1 Programme, 4.6.2 Legal, planning and contractual obligations, 4.6.3 Attendances, 4.6.4 Archaeological works on site during construction, 4.6.5 Management and communications, 4.6.6 Health and safety, CDM regulations, 4.6.7 Press and public relations, 4.6.8 Accidental discovery, 4.6.9 Security, 4.7 Post-construction, off-site processes, 4.7.1 The role of post-excavation in discharging planning conditions, 4.7.2 Interim report, 4.7.3 Post-excavation assessment, 4.7.4 Analysis and report preparation,4.7.5 Dissemination (publication and archive), 4.8 Forms of Contract, 4.8.1 Standard forms, 4.8.2 Apportioning risk, 4.8.3 Advice for developers where archaeological issues are to be transferred to a main or principal contractor, 4.8.4 Defining unforeseen, unforeseeable and unexpected, 5 Achieving good practice, 5.1 Early risk assessment, 5.2 The processes in practice: design of a mitigation strategy, 5.3 The processes in practice: linear scheme, 5.4 The processes in practice: coastal and marine scheme, 5.5 The processes in practice: phased archaeology and construction, 5.6 The processes in practice: management of mitigation on-site, 5.7 The processes in practice: human remains, 5.8 The processes in practice: off-site, 5.9 Risk management: the unexpected, 5.10 Buried and standing building archaeology on the same site, 5.11 Preservation in situ: re-use of piled foundations, 5.12 Preservation in situ: position of preserved remains indicated in design, 5.13 Preservation in situ: display of actual archaeological remains, 5.14 Benefits of public information and education, 5.15 Community involvement, 5.16 Ongoing positive publicity, 6 Appendices, 6.1 List of acronyms and abbreviations, 6.2 Glossary of terms, 6.3 Government departments and national bodies, Welsh Assembly Government, Scottish Executive, Northern Ireland Executive, UK government, English Heritage, Historic Scotland, Northern Ireland Environment and Heritage Service, 7 References, 7.1 Bibliography, 7.2 Further reading, List of case studies, List of figures